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Hopper (spacecraft)
Hopper was a proposed European Space Agency orbital and reusable launch vehicle. The shuttle prototype spaceplane was one of several proposals for a European reusable launch vehicle (RLV) planned to cheaply ferry satellites into orbit by 2015.〔(Europe's space shuttle passes early test ) | 10 May 2004〕 The 'Phoenix' was a German-European project for a one-seventh scale model of the Hopper concept vehicle.〔(Launching the next generation of rockets ) - BBC News, 2004.〕
== Concept ==
The suborbital Hopper was a FESTIP (Future European Space Transportation Investigations Programme) system study design〔(Possible Future European Launchers, A Process of Convergence ) | ESA Bulletin Number 97 | March 1999〕 selected for further analysis during Future Launchers Preparatory Programme. It would be composed of a single stage reusable vehicle which would not reach orbital velocity. This vehicle was to be launched on a 4 km magnetic horizontal track which would accelerate it to launch speed. At a height of 130 km, the vehicle would fire an expendable rocket powered upper stage which would reach orbital speed and place its satellite payload into orbit. Finally, the vehicle would then glide down to an island in the Atlantic Ocean and be taken back to French Guiana by ship.〔 An EADS spokesperson stated that a reusable launch vehicle like Hopper could halve the cost of sending a satellite into orbit, which now stands at $15,000 USD per kilogram of payload.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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